Subjects Covered In The Massive Contents Include:

Chapter 1 - Covert Surveillance
In this chapter we look at the various types and methods of conducting surveillance. It teaches how to dress and blend in with your environment in order to remain covert. It covers the different types of awareness levels that a target can be and explains the different phases of a surveillance that you will be taught throughout the book.

Definitions, types and objectives
Methods of surveillance
The surveillance operator
Personal appearance and dress
Types of surveillance target
Third party awareness
Loss versus gain
Principle phases of surveillance

Chapter 2 - Planning & Preparation
Information needs to be collected about the target of surveillance and also the place where the surveillance is to start from. This second chapter deals with gathering intelligence about your target and also carrying out a reconnaissance of the targets premises, to formulate a plan of action. An important part is to obtain a surveillance trigger and this is discussed in depth together with recce reports.

Planning and objectives
The target person
Sources of information
The surveillance start point
Target reconnaissance
Recce reports
Surveillance triggers

Chapter 3 - Communications
Communications is an extremely important aspect of surveillance and the various methods of communicating covertly by radio are covered. The different types of radio systems; covert microphones, earpieces and wires are explained together with different types of radio voice procedure and code systems.

Types of communication equipment
Mobile and handheld radios
Antennas & frequencies
Covert systems
Radio security
Brevity code systems
Radio call signs and networks
Voice procedure
Spot Codes
Encryption
The click system

Chapter 4 - Surveillance Equipment
The basic equipment used by an operator is covered here from cameras to memo recorders. The more specialist equipment such as vehicle tracking systems are covered in some depth together with technical triggers. A look at using vans for static surveillance is also generally covered before it is covered in more detail later in the book.

The car bag
Basic equipment
Night vision devices
Vehicle tracking
Technical triggers
Surveillance vans

Chapter 5 - Foot Surveillance
In this chapter we discuss what can get an operator noticed which could lead to compromise and thus how to avoid it. The surveillance methods and tactics employed on foot are covered in great detail from the stake out phase to following a target in different environments: neighbourhoods, shopping areas, indoor shopping malls, cafes & pubs and when travelling on public transport such as: buses, trains and underground rail. The transition from operating in a vehicle to deploying on foot and back again is also an important factor.

Foot surveillance compromises
Foot tactics: stake out, pick, follow, housing
ABC system: follows, handovers, cornering, losses
Shadow cars
Covert communications
Cafes & public houses
Buildings with multiple exits
Buses & trains
Underground rail networks
Deploying from a vehicle

Chapter 6 - Mobile Surveillance 1
In this first chapter on mobile surveillance we look at the composition of a surveillance team and the vehicles they use. Mobile surveillance tactics are explained in great detail commencing with the different types of stake-outs. This progresses onto the tactics, drills and procedures such as radio voice procedure, handovers and actions on stops.

The surveillance team
Types of vehicles
Mobile equipment
Mobile communications
Mobile tactics: stake out, pick, follow, housing
Stakeouts: primary, secondary, tertiary
Action on a standby
Mobile voice procedure
Tactics: handovers, losses, changing direction, stops
Car parks and dead ends

Chapter 7 - Progressive Mobile Surveillance 2
This second chapter on mobile surveillance covers the more advanced procedures such as surveillance at night, on motorways, running parallels, use of a motorbike and rolling stakeouts. A large section is also dedicated to carrying out a single handed surveillance and surveillance compromises.

Progressive tactics
Parallels
Losses
Motorway tactics
Night mobile surveillance
Motorbike surveillance
Rolling stakeouts
Single handed surveillance
Road traffic accidents

Chapter 8 - Static Surveillance
This chapter deals with the aspects of planning urban static surveillance from observations posts (OP’s), which could be in a building or other structure. Vehicle OP’s are also described in detail including the use of covert cars and surveillance vans.

Observation posts
Vehicles OP’s
Surveillance vans
Van compromises
Covert Cars (boot fits)
Urban OP’s
Planning an OP

Chapter 9 - Rural Surveillance
This large chapter deals with planning a surveillance in a rural area, camouflage, concealment and the construction of different types of rural hide are covered in depth. An important part of this section is how to recce and deploy an OP team identifying, routes, suitable drop off points and pick up points together with alternatives if things go wrong.

Types of rural OP
Camouflage & concealment
Rural OP planning & reconnaissance
OP team insertion: routes, countdown markers, drop off points
Alternative plans
Animals & wildlife
Establishing the OP
Construction of rural hides
OP equipment
OP team extraction: routes, countdown markers, pick points
OP compromises
Field craft
Close Target Recce

Chapter 10 - Technical Surveillance
Technical surveillance plays an important role in evidence or intelligence gathering. The equipment used and described in this chapter in current and covers: video and audio monitoring, computer monitoring and technical counter surveillance. There is also a section detailing how to deploy covert cameras in rural areas.

CCTV: cameras, recorders, monitors
Rural rapid deployment systems
Hard wired audio monitoring
Radio transmitting devices
Cellular network transmitters
Telephone monitoring
Computer & data monitoring
Technical surveillance counter measures
Counter surveillance equipment
Legal issues

Chapter 11 - Surveillance Detection
This chapter will be of particular interest to close protection and security professionals. Anti surveillance is covered in depth and describes what you would do (or a target would do) in order to detect if they are being followed and how to recognise the signs. The section on counter surveillance describes how to carry out surveillance detection on your own for your Principal or by using a team along a surveillance detection route with choke points, during the day or at night.

Definitions: anti surveillance & counter surveillance
Anti surveillance on foot
Anti surveillance whilst mobile
Anti surveillance detection routes
When anti surveillance drills will be used
Counter surveillance detection routes
Planned and unplanned detection routes
Single handed and team SDR’s
Continuous SD routes
SD routes with stops
Automatic number plate recognition

Chapter 12 - Digital & Video Photography
Digital photography can be quite complex but we have simplified it here to begin with by explaining the importance of shutter speeds, aperture and exposure. This progresses onto advanced skills using telephoto lenses and shooting in low light with fast shutter speeds. At the end of the chapter there is a photographic exercise to complete. The section on covert video explains the different types of systems available today and how to use them correctly.

Digital SLR cameras
Image size, resolution & compression
How a Digital SLR camera works
Correct exposure: aperture, shutter speed, focal length
Exposure modes
Depth of field
Lenses: types, speeds
Film speed and ISO, up rating
Metering & exposure compensation
Focusing
Video Photography
Covert video cameras
Bag fits & body worn systems

Chapter 13 - Evidence & Law
This important chapter covers the legal issues related to surveillance in the modern day. If we obtain evidence, whether by written logs or video it has to be accurate, precise and supported by statements in order to be credible in Court. Eye witness testimony and the continuity of evidence is explained in detail. A very important section is also dedicated to surveillance briefings and de-briefings.

Human Rights Act
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act
Key definitions
Protection from Harassment Act
Criminal Procedure and investigations Act
Trespass
Use of trackers
Data Protection Act and CCTV
Evidence Gathering
Describing people
Night Vision
Memory & perception
Surveillance logs & reports
Witness Statements
Eye witness testimony
Preservation of evidence
Surveillance briefings and debriefings

Chapter 14 - Surveillance Work and Training
This chapter is intended for the freelance operator and covers the various training courses available, explaining the BTEC Level three qualification framework. A section describes how to prepare and approach surveillance companies for work, including tips for CV writing and attending an interview. The BTEC Level three assessment is also included to illustrate what students are required to know in order to pass the written assessment.

Applying for work
Training companies
Surveillance qualifications
Training courses
Foot & Mobile surveillance
Technical Training
Surveillance Detection
Rural Surveillance
Military Hostile Area Training
Digital Photography
Professional Witness
Edexcel Level three questions
Top 10 mistakes
Summary